| dc.description.abstract | Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) is one of the tropical plants native to
Southeast Asia and is popular as the king of fruits. Durian is widely cultivated in
gardens along with other plants. In Thailand and Malaysia, durian has been
intensively cultivated in commercial plantations. Durian belongs to the family
Bombaceae, which is known as a seasonal tropical fruit in Southeast Asia
(Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines, and Indonesia). This plant is a fruit native
to Indonesia, occupying the 4th position of national fruits with a production of
approximately 700 thousand tons per year. The harvest season generally lasts not
simultaneously from September to February with the famine period of April to
July.
There are differences between durians from one both in taste, aroma, the
color of the flesh of the fruit, as well as the shape of the fruit and seeds, and even
found seedless durian fruit. Of the approximately 27 types of durians in the
world, 18 types of them are found in Borneo. A large number of durian species
grow in Borneo, including Malaysian soil. This shows that this region is the
center of distribution of the most important durian relatives in the world, as well
as a source of germplasm which is very important for plant breeding activities.
Based on this, it is necessary to identify the genetic diversity of the
morphological characters of durian plants as a source of germplasm and
information in supporting plant breeding programs to increase production both
in terms of quality and quantity in the North Sumatra area.
This research was conducted in 3 stages, namely (1) Characterization of
durian Morphology, including (a) Exploration, (b) Determination of sample
location, (c.) Determination of Sample Trees, (d) Sampling, (e) identification
and characterization, (f) Inventory. (2) Organoleptic Assays (a)Hedonic assays
(scoring methods), (b) hedonic tests, and (b)Hedonic tests (descriptive methods).
(3) Predictions of Polyceronoid Alcohol in Durian with NCBI access include:
(a)Physical and chemical features of the reductase polyphenol gene,
(b)Prospective allocation of peptides and subcellular localization of polyprenol
reductase genes, (c)Phylogenetic analysis of ten polyprenol reductases.
Research method, stage 1 Survey method, qualitative and quantitative
descriptive, then the results of the characterization were analyzed by clusters,
then used to create a genetic dissimilarity matrix based on the Manhattan
coefficient and used for Sequential, Agglomerative, Hierarchical, and Nested
(SAHN) clustering analysis with the Unweighted Pair method -group Method
with Arithmetic averaging (UPGMA) using the NTSYS-pc 2.02 computer
program. Stage 2. Organoleptic Test with Descriptive method. Step 3 NCBI access numbering of the D. zibethinus amino acid sequence was performed using
CLUSTAL W ver. 1.83.
135 samples from plant organs, namely stems, leaves, fruits, and seeds,
were taken from nine research site areas in North Sumatra (Deli Serdang,
Simalungun, Samosir, Karo, Langkat, Dairi, North Tapanuli, Central Tapanuli,
South Tapanuli. Characterization research, organoleptic test, and polysepronoid
alcohol test at the Forest Cultivation Laboratory of the Ministry of Forestry and
the Agricultural Products Technology Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture,
University of North Sumatra.
The results of the study stated that of the 135 accessions of durians
explored; they had a high diversity in several morphological characters, namely
the shape of the canopy, the surface of the stem, the shape of the leaf blade, the
shape of the leaf tip, the shape of the leaf base, the shape of the fruit, the form of
the fruited thorn, the color of the fruit skin. The results of organoleptic tests
show that durian in North Sumatra .generally a lot of alcohol, the aroma of the
fruit is usually fragrant, the texture of the fruit flesh is dominated by softness,
the taste of the fruit flesh is dominated by sweetness, the state of the fruit fiber is
dominated by fine fibers, the state of the fruit flesh is dominated by fatty
mushiness. On the descriptive hedonic intensity parameters expressed by the
scale that the intensity of sweetness, sourness, the intensity of bitterness,
intensity of texture, intensity of watery taste, and intensity of stickiness all
parameters are predominantly moderate. From the results of the organoleptic test
of 135 durian fruit, it was found that 9 accessions with the best characters were
A4, A22, A45, A9, A66, A81, A92, A118, and A123. Kinship relationship
analysis using a combined character, namely quantitative and qualitative
characters, divided the accession of North Sumatra Local Durian into three
groups at a similarity level of 55%, which was inter-presented with
dendrograms. This study clarifies the advantages of thinking of differences and
the character of the physicochemical features of different amino acids in the
genes of plant reductase polyphenols in D. zibethinus. Subcellular localization in
ten reductase polyprenols genes has been deposited in the plasma membrane, the
thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts, the Golgi body, the endoplasmic reticulum
(ER and lumen membranes), microbodies (peroxisomes), and the inner
membrane of the mitochondria. | en_US |
