Sintesis Selulosa Sulfat dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Melalui Reaksi Sulfasi Pada Variasi Mol Asam Sulfamat : Urea Menggunakan Pelarut DMSO

Abstract

Isolation of α-cellulose was carried out with the addition of 3.5% HNO3, 2% NaOH and Na2SO3, 1.75% NaOCl, 17.5% NaOH and 10% H2O2, α-cellulose was obtained as much as 18.167 g (24.22% of the initial weight). Preparation of cellulose sulfate through sulfation reaction of α-cellulose of oil palm empty fruit bunches with sulfamic acid and urea as base catalyst. Cellulose is sulfated by making DES (Deep Eutectic Solvent) by mixing sulfamic acid with urea at a mole ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 at 80℃, then the DES mixture is reacted with cellulose that has been dissolved with Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent media by refluxing at 150℃ for 2 hour, then washed using 96% ethanol and dried at 30℃. Based on the sulfur content of cellulose sulfate, the degree of substitution can be determined to determine the optimization of the mole variation of sulfuric acid to urea. Cellulose sulfate which has the highest degree of substitution in the mole variation of 1:2. The formation of cellulose sulfate is supported by FT-IR spectrophotometer with the appearance of vibrational peaks in the wave number region 3388.4 cm-1 which shows the -OH group, C-H stretching group 2892.4 cm-1, S=O group 1215.1 cm-1 and C-O-S group 984 cm-1 which are symmetrical and bending vibrations respectively. The results of surface morphology analysis with SEM show that the fiber surface on cellulose sulfate is smoother than cellulose. PSA results show a decrease in cellulose sulfate fiber diameter and viscosity results show that the greater the DS value, the lower the viscosity of cellulose sulfate.