Sintesis Natrium Selulosa Sulfat dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Melalui Reaksi Sulfasi Pada Variasi Pelarut Etanol, Isopropanol, dan 1-Butanol

Abstract

Isolation of α-cellulose was carried out by adding 3.5% HNO3, 2% NaOH and 2% Na2SO3, 1.75% NaOCl, 17.5% NaOH and 10% H2O2, α-cellulose was obtained at 18.167 g (24.22% of initial weight). Synthesis sodium cellulose sulfate through the sulfation reaction of α-cellulose empty palm fruit bunches with 98% H2SO4 in a variety of solvents ethanol, isopropanol, and 1-butanol. The formation of sodium cellulose sulfate is supported by the FT-IR spectrophotometer which shows that in the wave number area 3388.4 cm-1 the stretching vibration of the -OH group, 2892.4 cm-1 is the stretching vibration of CH2, 1215.1 cm-1 of the S=O group and 984.0 cm-1 C-O-S group, each of which represents stretching and bending vibrations. The sulfur content of sodium cellulose sulfate was determined by the degree of substitution to determine the optimization of solvent variations. The values for the degree of substitution are 1.255; 0.623; and 1.002. Analysis using the NDJ-8S viscometer showed that the best result was the result of sulfation using ethanol solvent, which was able to reduce the viscosity value. SEM morphology shows that the surface of sodium cellulose sulfate fibers is smoother than cellulose. The Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) test can determine the particle size of sodium cellulose sulfate as 4.81555 μm. The viscosity results show that the greater the DS value, the lower the viscosity of sodium cellulose sulfate. Electrical conductivity tests show higher current strength in variations of the ethanol solvent.