Analisis Karakteristik Balita dan Sosial Ekonomi pada Penderita Stunting di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Medan Deli Kota Medan

Abstract

Stunting is a state of chronic malnutrition as measured using the BB/TB indicator caused by multifactors. Worldwide, stunting affects around 162 million children under the age of five. In Indonesia in 2018 it was 30.8%, in 2019 the prevalence decreased by 27.67% but Indonesia is still included in the classification of countries with a very high prevalence of stunting. This study aims to determine the relationship between the Characteristics of Toddlers and Socio-Economics with Stunting in the working area of the Medan Deli District Health Center. The type of research used in this research is analytic research using a cross sectional design with a sample of 30 respondents. Research data were collected by observing and interviewing respondents using a questionnaire. The data analysis method used included bivariate analysis with the chi-square test. The results showed that the incidence of stunting (very short and short) in toddlers was significantly related to toddler characteristics and socioeconomic characteristics. The results that were closely related to the incidence of stunting were the characteristics of toddlers with short birth length p=0.000 (p<0.05). During pregnancy, the mother's condition is not good, such as malnutrition, stress, or having co-morbidities that can hinder the growth and development of the fetus. There is a greater chance of experiencing stunting and infectious diseases, p=0.000 (p<0.05). The relationship between infectious diseases and malnutrition is a causal and reciprocal relationship. Infectious diseases can worsen nutritional conditions and have a very large risk of stunting. Socio-economic status p=0.010 (p<0.05) as parents' education level. If the level of education of the father and mother is higher, the child's risk of being stunted will decrease.