Hubungan Durasi dan Postur Duduk Saat Perkuliahan terhadap Keluhan Low Back Pain pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara Angkatan 2021

Abstract

Introduction. Low Back Pain (LBP) is the most common musculoskeletal disorder in the community with a global prevalence of 15-45% each year. Medical students are prone to LBP due to several risk factors such as long sitting duration and non-ergonomic sitting posture during lectures. Objective. This research is performed to determine the correlation between the duration and sitting posture during lectures on the incidence of LBP in medical students enrolled in 2021 at Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan. Method. This study used an analytical descriptive research design with a cross-sectional approach conducted in September 2023 at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling with 147 medical students selected as the research sample. The inclusion criteria include students with BMI< 23 kg/m2 while the exclusion criteria are students who have abnormalities and a history of trauma or spinal fractures. Data was obtained from filling out The Pain and Distress Scale (PAD) and Body Awareness of Postural Habit in Young People (BAPHY). A Chi-square test was used to explore the association between the two variables and LBP while the logistic regression test was used to identify the dominating causes generating LBP. Results and Discussion. The study's findings revealed that 40.1% of students reported having LBP problems, 72.1% reported sitting for more than seven hours, and 33.3% reported having a bad sitting posture. Chi-square analysis revealed a significant correlation between sitting duration and posture on complaints of lower back pain (RR = 1.69, p = 0.041 and RR = 1.69, p = 0.009). At a risk of 2,438 times, sitting position is the main factor contributing to LBP symptoms among FK USU class of 2021 students. Conclusion. This research showed a correlation between duration and sitting posture on the incidence of low back pain.