Hubungan Karakteristik Individu dan Tempat Perindukan Nyamuk dengan Kejadian Malaria di RSUD H Abdul Manan Simatupang Kabupaten Asahan Tahun 2023

Abstract

Malaria is still a public health problem globally. The malaria morbidity rate in Indonesia in 2021 was 1.1 per 1,000 population, while in North Sumatra Province it was 0.17 per 1,000 population. There are three components that support the spread of malaria, namely host, agent, and environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between individual characteristics and mosquito breeding sites with the incidence of malaria at H. Abdul Manan Simatupang Hospital, Asahan Regency in 2023. This type of research is an analytic observational study using a cross sectional design. The number of research samples was 96 patients using accidental sampling technique. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively and bivariate data were analyzed using the chi square test. The results showed that the highest proportion of malaria patients based on age group was 26-45 years old by (68.8%), male gender by (45.6%), Batak ethnicity by (55.9%), high education by (66%), work by (47.2%), long stay in the study location more than 1 year by (50%), having >1 mosquito breeding place around their home environment by (66%), and based on the absence of livestock cages by (55.9%). There is a significant relationship between age (p₌0.006), education (p₌0.001), and mosquito breeding sites (p₌ 0.002) with the incidence of malaria at H. Abdul Manan Simatupang Hospital in 2023. There was no significant relationship between gender (p₌0.406), ethnicity (p₌0.460), occupation (p₌0.480), length of stay (p₌1.000), and the presence of livestock pens (p₌0.116) with the incidence of malaria at H. Abdul Manan Simatupang Hospital in 2023. For the H. Abdul Manan Simatupang Hospital and medical staff, it is expected to carry out malaria vector surveillance activities, namely by monitoring potential Anopheles mosquito breeding sites routinely, as a basis for planning control of risk factors for malaria transmission in Asahan Regency.