Hubungan Tekanan Darah pada Awal Masuk dengan Derajat Keparahan Stroke Iskemik Berdasarkan NIHSS pada Pasien Rawat Inap di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan Tahun 2022

Abstract

Background. Ischaemic stroke is a neurological deficit disorder characterized by a blockage of blood vessels in the brain. The multiple risk factors including high blood pressure can lead to different degrees of stroke severity. The gold standard parameter in determining stroke severity is using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Aim. To analyze the relationship between initial admission blood pressure and severity of ischaemic stroke based on NIHSS in hospitalized patients at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2022. Methods. This study is an observational analytical research with a cross sectional study design. The sample of this study were ischaemic stroke patients who were hospitalized at Haji Adam Malik Medan Hospital in 2022 and selected using purposive sampling method. After calculating using the Slovin formula, the number of samples needed was 120 samples. The data used is obtained from patient medical records. The analysis used is univariate and bivariate analysis with Chi-Square. Results. Of the 120 patients, 64 patients (53.3%) were male, 83 patients (69.2%) were aged >55 years. There were 79 patients (65.8%) without a history of DM, 76 patients (63.3%) had moderate stroke, and 30 patients (25%) had grade 1 hypertension. Statistical analysis showed an association between initial admission blood pressure and the severity of ischemic stroke based on NIHSS (stage 1 hypertension (P=0,005; OR=4,38), stage 2 hypertension (P<0,001; OR=8,76), stage 3 hypertension (P<0,001; OR=19,71)). Conclusion. There is a significant association between initial admission blood pressure and severity of ischemic stroke based on NIHSS.