Perbandingan Angka Kejadian Dermatitis Atopik pada Balita yang Mendapat Asi Eksklusif dengan Balita yang Mendapat Susu Formula dan Asi di Puskesmas Sentosa Baru Medan

Abstract

Background. In spite of the extensive research on the potential protective effects of exclusive breastfeeding in preventing the occurrence of atopic dermatitis and the involvement of cow’s milk allergy as a triggering factor, controversies regarding this issue persist. Objective. This study aims to analyze the comparison of the incidence of AD among infants exclusively breastfed compared to those who receive a combination of formula milk and breastfeeding. Methods. This study is an analytical research with a cross-sectional approach, conducted at Puskesmas Sentosa Baru Medan in August 2023. The sample consisted of 114 infants, which divided into two groups: exclusively breastfed infants and the other consisting of infants who received a combination of breastfeeding and formula milk, selected through consecutive sampling. Subsequently, the diagnosis of AD was based on a questionnaire modified from the Hanifin-Rajka criteria. Results. According to the research findings, among the exclusively breastfed infants, 11 (19,3%) were found to have AD, whereas in the opposing group, there were 12 (21,1%) cases of AD. Statistical analysis indicated no significant difference in the incidence of AD based on early feeding history (p=0,815). The prevalence ratio of AD infants from both study group is 1,10. Conclusions. Infants who receive a combination of breast milk and formula feeding have an elevated risk of 1,1 times for the onset of AD compared to those who are exclusively breastfed. There is no significant difference in the incidence of AD among infants who are exclusively breastfed and those who receive a combination of breast and formula feeding.