Uji Efektivitas Sediaan Gel Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Tekelan (Chromolaena odorata L.) dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Petai Cina (Leucaena leucocephala L.) terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Sayat Terinfeksi pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus L.)

Abstract

Background: Tekelan leaf is one of the plants used empirically to treat wounds because it has secondary metabolite compounds that are antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. Besides tekelan leaves, Petai Cina leaves can be used as an antibacterial. A wound can cause infection, where damage will occur, which will prolong healing. The type of bacteria that often causes infection is Staphylococcus aureus. The secondary metabolite content of the extract is thought to be able to overcome wounds infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Objective: To determine the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) values of Tekelan Leaves of Ethanol Extract (TLEE) and Petai Cina Leaves of Ethanol Extract (PCLEE) and evaluate their antibacterial properties in combination of extracts and gel and solution preparations and healing of infected incision wounds in rats. Methods: The MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) values of TLEE and PCLEE were determined for gel and solution concentrations. Gel formulations were made using carbopol and sodium alginate bases and solution formulations with 5% TLEE, 5% PCLEE, and a combination of TLEE and PCLEE with a ratio of 4:1. Gel preparations with alginate base and solution preparations were used to healing incised wounds in rats infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Results: The MIC value of TLEE was 0.70%, and the MIC value of PCLEE was 0.92%. The type of base can affect antibacterial inhibition due to viscosity factors, methods used, diffusion, and incubation processes. The results of antibacterial testing of the gel using 1% alginate base had a better effect than the gel with carbopol base, concentrations of 0.25; 0.5, and 1%. The gel preparation with an alginate base was physically stable during the test and can be used as a therapy for infected incision wounds. Histopathological evaluation showed that the alginate-based gel can be used as a wound therapy that can stimulate new tissue growth and good wound closure. Conclusion: The combination of Tekelan leaves and Petai Cina leaves is effective on wound healing infected with Staphylococcus aureus.