| dc.description.abstract | Biodiesel from Used Cooking Oil has disadvantages, such as low oxidation stability
during storage and poor cold flow properties. These poor physicochemical
properties can be corrected in various ways, such as mixing with other non-edible
oils. The purpose of this study was to synthesize a mixture of Waste Cooking Oil
(WCO)- Schleichera oleosa with a ratio of 70:30 %, and the resulting biodiesel was
then mixed with diesel oil to test engine performance, exhaust emissions and
material compatibility. In this research, the WCOK30 crude oil synthesis process
uses a double jacket reactor with a 2-step method (ester/transesterification). The
WCOK30 crude oil mixture was then degummed by adding H3PO4 and processed
for 30 minutes to remove the gums. The resulting degumming oil was then subjected
to an ester process by adding 2% by weight H2SO4 catalyst at a temperature of
60oC. The esterification process was carried out for 1-2 hours, and the agitation
speed: was 1,000 rpm. The transesterification process was carried out at 60 °C
using a circulating heater. After that, potassium hydroxide (KOH) of (0.5,-2%) was
dissolved in methanol, with a methanol-to-oil ratio of (8:1; 10:1 and 12:1), catalyst
KOH-methanol solution was then added to the heated oil for 1-2 hours. The oil
mixture was stirred constantly at (1,000 rpm). The results showed that the highest
transesterification time was obtained at 60 minutes and produced the highest yield
of 94%. The optimum condition is a catalyst concentration of 1 wt.% with a stirring
speed of 1,000 rpm at 60 oC with a molar ratio of methanol to oil (12:1). It was
found that there was an increase in oxidation stability in 106% WSME biodiesel
(6.8 hours) while in WCO biodiesel (3.3 hours). The WSME biodiesel pours point
decreased from 12 oC to 9 oC. Increasing the ratio of biodiesel in diesel up to B40
at engine speed up to (2,750 rpm) and a load of 1.5 N.m shows an effect on diesel
engine performance. The Brake Power value decreased slightly while the Brake
Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) value slightly increased by 7.7% and 16.67%,
respectively. The Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) and MEP shows an increasing
trend of 12.5% and 8.6%, respectively. Increasing the content of biodiesel in diesel
fuel slightly increases NOX emissions by 25% but reduces the emission of CO, CO2
and smoke opacity by 50% and 131.25%, respectively. Furthermore, exposure to
corrosion on metals that have been tested for static corrosion at ambient
temperature shows a change in colour and the presence of corrosion on carbon
steel and SS201. The corrosion rate of mild steel is higher than that of mild steel,
but the corrosion rate is faster when the immersion time is 500 and continues to
decrease until 2,000 hours of immersion in biodiesel (B10, B20, B30 and B40). The
WSME biodiesel produced complies with ASTM D6751 standards. | en_US |
