Hubungan Postur Leher dan Durasi Penggunaan Gadget dengan Text Neck Syndrome pada Siswa SMA di Kota Medan

Abstract

Background. The use of digital devices in Indonesia such as gadgets has increased every year along with the development of digital technology and the internet. The results of the Indonesia 2022 internet profile survey show that 13-18 years old are the highest level of internet contribution by age with an average of spending up to five to seven hours or cumulatively reaching 1825 to 2555 hours per year. This usage, which exceeds the normal working duration, has adverse effects on the body's health, one of which is upper body pain or what is known as Text Neck Syndrome (TNS). TNS is a term used to describe neck pain and ongoing damage from looking down at digital devices too often and for a long time. Objective. to determine the relationship of TNS with neck posture and duration of gadget use in high school students in Medan City. Methods. This study was an analytical study with a cross sectional approach in high school students in Medan City. Samples were selected using randomized, stratified, multi-stage cluster sampling. Data collection in this study used a questionnaire. Results. The total respondents involved were 400 high school students in Medan City, where 231 students (52.8%) were female, while 169 students (42.6%) were male with an even distribution of regional origin both urban and suburban. The prevalence of TNS in the remaining high school students in Medan City was 48.5% where the majority of students who complained of neck pain used gadgets for ≥8 hours (55.7%) and used gadgets with neck posture ≥30◦ as much as (53.4%). Conclusion. There is a significant relationship between neck posture and duration of gadget use with TNS as evidenced by the p-value of 0.002 (PR=1.904) and 0.004 (PR=1.952) respectively.