| dc.description.abstract | Research has been carried out on the manufacture of a moisturizing gel emulsion containing chitosan oligosaccharide and nanogold as a whitening agent. Cosmetics have now become an important need for humans, especially women. The addition of nanogold to cosmetic products gives a luxurious impression and has antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Chitosan oligosaccharide is known to have potential as an antimicrobial and has been used in various fields, one of which is in the cosmetics sector. The aim of this research is to formulate and evaluate preparations that use chitosan oligosaccharide and nanogold as whitening agents.The formulation of preparations containing chitosan oligosaccharide and nanogold is carried out by mixing chitosan oligosaccharide, nanogold and other gel emulsion bases. Evaluation includes stability tests (ph test, homogeneity test, organoleptic test, viscosity test), irritation test, whitening effectiveness test (moisture and stain), antioxidant test and antibacterial test. In stability tests, such as the pH test, the pH was found to be 6.20-5.47, the homogeneity test showed that the gel emulsion preparation was homogeneous, the organoleptic test showed that the preparation was stable and in the viscosity test the results were 402.26 cPs and did not irritate the skin. The effectiveness of whitening provides percent recovery, moisture 27.27%-83.33% and blemishes 50%-65.52%. Antibacterial tests were carried out on the preparations against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Propiobacterium acnes bacteria, and inhibition zones were obtained with optimum values of 19.80 mm and 16.50 mm respectively and the percent of antioxidant activity was 62.85%. Thus it can be concluded that nanogold and chitosan oligosaccharide as whitening agents can be formulated into cosmetic preparations. | en_US |
