Efektivitas Latihan Ketahanan Ektremitas Atas terhadap Massa Otot dan Massa Bebas Lemak dengan Metode Rehabilitasi Paru Berbasis Rumah (RPBR) pada Pasien PPOK di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Abstract

Background : Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a group of diseases that not only affects lung functions, but also causes systemic impact characterized by deterioration in respiratory function and poor quality of life. In compliance with GOLD 2020 nonpharmacological initiative for COPD, patients are recommended to do physical activities within their capabilities, while observing physical distancing as a protective measure during the Covid-19 pandemic. Pulmonary telerehabilitation presents a feasible solution to overcome the obstacles faced by the healthcare industry to provide in-house rehabilitation programme at hospitals or other health centers. Therefore, it is our objective to study and evaluate the benefits and effectiveness of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). Method : This research was a quasi-experiment conducted in July 2020 involving 10 COPD stable patients (according to the criteria by GOLD 2020). In the first meeting at the hospital, patients were taught aerobic upper-limb exercise movements which subsequently had to be done and recorded at home. Patients then sent the videos to the research team via whatsapp to be evaluated. Prior to starting the 4-week with twice-a-week frequency home-based rehabilitation, and again at the end of it, patients’ conditions were evaluated based on the following factors: changes in muscle mass and fat free mass. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon and paired t-test. Result : A lung telerehabilitation intervention in the form of home-based aerobic upper-limb exercises was implemented on 10 study samples of COPD stable patients. After 4 weeks of home training with twice-a-week frequency, the results showed significant improvement, with p-value <0.05, in the increased muscle mass (28.36 ± 2.89 to 31.86 ± 3.97). On the other hand, in the assessment of fat-free mass there was a decrease but not significant with baseline (47.31 ± 5.06) and post intervention (46.79 ± 5.42) Conclusion : The method of lung telerehabilitation consisted of aerobic upper-limb exercises performed for 4 weeks and a frequency of twice a week produced positive outcomes in patients’ muscle mass. However, there was no significant decreased in fat-free mass. Thus, it could be concluded based on this study that home-based rehabilitation programme was as effective as the programme conducted at health-care centers/hospitals.