Prevalensi Hipertiroid Berdasarkan Indeks Wayne pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Background. Hyperthyroidism is a form of thyrotoxicosis characterized by elevated levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and free Thyroxine (T4) in the circulation due to abnormal secretion of thyroid gland. Increased thyroid hormone levels lead to alteration in the basal metabolic rate (BMR) with increased vital and metabolic functions as manifestations and clinical signs such as goitre, tachycardia, tremors, weight loss, heat intolerance, sweating, irritability, and menstrual disturbances. Common aetiologies of hyperthyroidism include Grave’s disease, toxic adenoma, and multinodular goitre. Aim. To determine the prevalence of hyperthyroidism based on the Wayne index among medical students at the University of North Sumatera Faculty of Medicine. Method. This research is an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The research sample was selected using consecutive sampling technique, consist of 90 individuals selected from September to October 2023. The measurement instruments used include examination sheets involving interviews and physical examinations. Data were processed using ISM SPSS version 27. Result. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism based on Wayne index in students of the Faculty of Medicine, USU showed toxic hyperthyroidism at 2,2%, equivocal 16,7% and euthyroid 81,1%, with a higher incidence in females compared to males (3:1). Among 17 hyperthyroid respondents, there were 6 underweight,6 normal and 5 obese respondents as well as 6 respondents with a family history of the condition. The chi square test results for risk factors and hyperthyroidism incidence showed p-values based on gender 0,0015, underweight 0,0015, normal weight 0,849, overweight 0,065, 0bese 0,557, and family history 0,001. Conclusion. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism in students of the Faculty of Medicine, USU is 2,2% and there is a strong correlation between gender, underweight BMI, and family history with the occurrence of hyperthyroidism.