Analisis Istifham dalam Al-Quran pada Surah Al-Maˈidah (Kajian Ilmu Nahwu)

Abstract

This research discusses about istifham in the Qur'an in surah al-Ma'idah. The purpose of the research is to find out the classification, function and i'rab of istifham by using al-Hasyimi's istifham theory as the main theory and Ni'mah and al-Ghulayaini's theory as the supporting theories. This research is a library research. Data are collected using descriptive analysis method and documentation technique. The results showed that there are 19 istifham verses in surah al-Ma'idah, there are 2 istifham in the same verse of 19 verse, namely in verses 50 and 75. The classification of istifham amounted to 11 verses of istifham letters and 9 verses of isim istifham. The function of istifham that serves to ask تصديقيقصد ت /tasdiq/ ‘attest’ amounts to 11 verses, to ask العقلاءيلقغعراء ل /ligairi al'uqalāi/ ˈto be unreasonableˈ amounts to 4 verses, to ask for للحاللحا ل /lilhāli/ ˈfor the stateˈ numbered 3 verses (1 verse of which contained 2 istifham) and to ask for للعقلاءلقعاء ل /lil'uqalāi/ ˈfor the intelligentˈ numbered 2 verses. While the i'rab istifham obtained in surah al-Ma'idah are 4 verses in i'rab rafa', 4 verses in i'rab nasb (1 verse of which there are 2 istifham), and 1 verse in i'rab jar. The conclusion obtained from this research is that the istifham classification is found in the form of istifham and isim istifham, the function of istifham which is found is 4 and i'rab istifham which is found in i'rab rafa' in verses 4,17,50 and 84 i'rab nasb in verses 31,43,75 and 109 and i'rab jar in verse 18.