Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Jahe Merah (ZingibeR officinale Rosc. Var. RUBRUM) terhadap Kadar Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interleukin 10 (IL-10) Tumor Necrotic Factor α (TNF- α) dan C-Reactive Protein (C-RP) pada Mencit (Mus musculus) Model Ansietas

Abstract

Background: Anxiety disorders, with their psychological and physical symptoms, lead to a reduction in sufferers' quality of life and immunity. Moreover, their high prevalence globally, including in North Sumatra, has increased dramatically due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the existing anti-anxiety drugs' adverse side effects and dependency risk present additional obstacles to treating anxiety disorders. Red ginger herbal medicine, which has long been used in Indonesia, requires research to determine its content and effectiveness concerning the biological aspects of anxiety and its impact on immunity. Basic psychopharmacological evidence suggests the measurement of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and C-RP levels to assess immunity. Methods: Experimental research was carried out using mice subjects to investigate the effects of red ginger ethanol extract doses of 50 mg/kg bw, 100 mg/kg bw, and 200 mg/kg bw on anxiety model mice. Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and C-RP were examined post-treatment and compared with those of normal mice. Results: The presence of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate was detected in the ethanol extract of red ginger which play a role in anti-anxiety drugs. Serum levels of immune markers in anxiety model mice were significantly lower for IL-6 and TNF-α than in normal mice. Although IL-10 was not significantly reduced (p=0.56), it was lower while C-RP was higher at a dose of 100 mg/kg bw than in normal mice. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of red ginger presents a potential option for improving anxiety in mice through enhancing immunity.