Gambaran Kelainan Paru secara Radiologi pada Penderita TB Paru dengan Penyakit Penyerta Diabetes Melitus di RS Prof Chairuddin P Lubis Medan Tahun 2022

Abstract

Backgrounds. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that can affect various organs, especially the lungs. Individuals with diabetes mellitus are more susceptible to tuberculosis infection due to impairments in the function of immune cells. This condition can worsen the symptoms of pulmonary TB and increase the recurrence rate of pulmonary TB. Chest X-ray examination is used to support the diagnosis of pulmonary TB. Aims. This study aims to investigate the chest X-ray findings in patients with pulmonary TB and diabetes mellitus at Prof. Chairuddin P. Lubis Hospital in Medan during January to December 2022. Methods. This study is a retrospective descriptive research that uses a cross-sectional secondary data approach. Subjects are categorized based on age, gender, occupation, education, and radiological features of chest X-rays (appearance, extent of lesions, and lesion location). Results. A total of 85 samples were obtained with research results indicating that the most frequent age group was 56–65 years, comprising 32 individuals (37.6%). Based on gender, 58.8% were male and 41.2% were female. In terms of occupation and highest education level, the majority were self-employed (34.1%) and had completed high school (40.0%). The most commonly observed chest X-ray appearance was fibroinfiltrate (27.1%). The severity degree that predominated was far advanced lesion extent (80.0%), with the most common lesion location being atypical (35.3%). Conclusion. Patients with pulmonary TB and DM are most commonly found in the productive and elderly age group (36-70 years) and are predominantly male. On average, patients have occupations, with the most common highest education level being high school. The most frequently observed chest X-ray appearance is fibroinfiltrate, with a widespread extent of far-advanced lesions and the most common lesion location being atypical.