Korelasi Kadar Indoxyl Sulfate (IS) terhadap Gangguan Pendengaran pada Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronik Ditinjau dari Pemeriksaan Audiometri Nada Murni dan OAE di RSUP H Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Introduction: CKD is considered a public health problem because of the increased prevalence in adults. Indoxyl sulfate is one of the most studied solutes that accumulates in the plasma when a person has kidney failure, a late-stage product of dietary tryptophan metabolism and due to its high affinity binding to albumin exerts prooxidative and proinflammatory activity. In CKD, redox imbalance associated with oxidative stress is associated with pathological complications caused by accumulation of uremic toxins. The cochlea is highly susceptible to oxidative stress, consequently leading to permanent cochlear degeneration. Objective: To analyze the relationship between Indoxyl sulfate levels and hearing loss in CKD patients through the results of the pure tone audiometry and OAE examination. Method: This study was conducted on 27 people with stage 5 CKD who were examined for Indoxyl sulfate levels in their blood plasma and then hearing function was examined by pure tone audiometry and OAE. A correlation test was conducted between the results of Indoxyl sulfate levels and the results of hearing function tests in patients with CKD. Results: The Pearson correlation test showed that there was a strong positive correlation between indoxyl sulfate values and hearing threshold (r= 0.881; p = 0.000) and a strong negative correlation between Indoxyl sulfate values and SNR (r= -0.761; p = 0.000). Conclusion: In patients with CKD, there is hearing loss and is associated with the accumulation of levels of Indoxyl sulfate in the blood plasma.