Hubungan Upregulasi Onkogen PDGFRA terhadap Stadium dan Tipe Histopatologi pada Karsinoma Nasofaring

Abstract

Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor of the upper lining epithelium of the nasopharynx which occurs more frequently in certain geographic areas, such as Southeast Asia, North Africa, and especially South China. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFRA) plays an important role in the regulation of embryo development, cell proliferation, cell survival and chemotaxis. This study aims to determine the upregulation of the PDGFRA oncogene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: This research is an analytical study with a cross sectional study design using paraffin blocks from diagnosed nasopharyngeal cancer patients. Twenty-seven paraffin blocks were examined by RT-PCR by assessing PDGFRA gene expression. Results: Statistically there was no difference in PDGFRA gene expression regarding Histopathological Type (p=0.589), Tumor Expansion (p=0.253), Lymph Nodes (p=0.290) and Stage Level (p=0.151). However, with the Livak Method formula, an increase in PDGFRA gene expression was seen on Histopathological Type (Non-Keratinizing SCC1.02 higher), Tumor Expansion (T3 and T4 1.05 times higher), Lymph Nodes (N2 and N3 1.09 times higher) and Stage Level (Stage III and IV 1.05 times higher). Conclusion: In this study, there was no difference in PDGFRA gene expression in NPC, however, there was a minimal increase in gene expression in histopathological type, tumor expansion, lymph nodes and stage level.