Modifikasi Aspal Berbahan Serbuk Karet Ban Bekas dan Plastik Daur Ulang Polietilena Menggunakan Polimer Reaktif NR-g-MA dan PE-g-MA sebagai Bahan Penyerasi

Abstract

The main objective of this research is to improve the quality of binder asphalt by adding polymer and reactive polymer as compatibilizer agents to improve asphalt-polymer miscibility. The use of polymer asphalt has been widely applied in several countries with the main objective of increasing the service life of asphalt because it has better physical-chemical properties against the effects of road loads and changes in ambient temperature. In this research, asphalt modification was carried out by adding ground tire rubber (GR) and post-consumer polyethylene (PE). The admixture of asphalt with polymer was studied and improved by adding reactive polymer, NR-g-MA, and PE-g-MA, for modified asphalt with GR and recycled PE, respectively. The reactive polymers used were the reaction product of graft-copolymerization on natural rubber (SIR-20) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) with maleic anhydrous (MA) through a melting process in an internal mixer brabender type. Mixing of asphalt with GR and PE additives was carried out in an external mixer of asphalt/polymer composition 95/5 phr at temperature 180oC for 90 minutes. The aging process of asphalt is conducted in a short period using a rolling thin film oven (RTFO) and continued in the long-term using a pressure aging vessel (PAV). Furthermore, the modified asphalt polymer was characterized by conventional chemical-physical properties, namely penetration tests and softening points. Chemically, the modified asphalt was characterized by ATR-FTIR, morphological analysis by SEM, and thermal analysis carried out by DSC and TGA. The quality of the asphalt binder modified with the two polymers was tested for its rheological properties to measure its resistance to permanent deformation (rutting) at high suhus (58-82oC) after being subjected to short-term aging and measuring the crack resistance at low suhus (25-31oC) after undergoing a long-term aging process. The results showed that adding GR and recycled PE reduced the penetration value by 9.93–18.87 % and 53.64 – 66.88%, respectively. The softening point of GR and PE increased by 5.57 each. – 11.40 % and 49.35 – 138.81 %, respectively. The rutting resistance of asphalt increases with the addition of both types of polymers and with the addition of reactive polymers to the asphalt-polymer modification further increases the complex modulus (G*) and decreases the phase angle (8) of the modified asphalt at high temperatures thus increasing the rutting resistance. The use of NR-g-MA reactive in the modified asphalt-GR also increases crack resistance at low temperatures. However, the addition of recycled PE plastic and PE-g-MA reactive polymer was not able to increase crack resistance at low temperatures. The addition of NR-g-MA or PE-g-MA reactive polymers to modified asphalt polymers increases asphalt-polymer miscibility.