Pengaruh NaOH dan Katalis Coal Fly Ash dalam Proses Perengkahan Katalitik Minyak Sawit Mentah (CPO) Menjadi Bahan Bakar Hidrokarbon

Abstract

Fossil oil reserves are decreasing due to the increase in population and the non- renewable nature of fossil oil, so it is necessary to develop alternative fuels that are environmentally friendly to replace petroleum (fossil oil). This research aims to determine the effect of NaOH and coal fly ash catalyst in the catalytic cracking process of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) into hydrocarbon fuel. Crude paim ott has a similar structure to hydrocarbons, which contains carboxyl groups bound to fatty acids so that palm oil can be processed into hydrocarbon firel to replace fossil fuels that are running low The method used is catalytic crucking using a coal fly ash catalyst at a cracking temperature of 250-300°C. The catalyst used was analyzed by SEM-EDX showed the dominant metal oxide content of CaO as much as 37.58%. The distillate product from the catalytic cracking process in the form of hydrocarbon fuel was then analyzed by FT-IR and showed that there were absorption peaks at wave numbers 2922.2 cm and 2855.1 cm which indicated C-H groups in alkanes and absorption in the wave mimber area 1714.6 cm³ indicated the presence of the C-O group in ketone compounds and the absorption peaks in the wave number areas 991.5 cm and 969.1 cm³ indicate the C-H group in alkenes. GC-MS analysis result showed that in hydrocarbon fuel I there is a biogasoline fraction of 20.81%, biokerosene of 52.01%, green diesel of 17.06% and oxygenated compounds of 10.12% Hydrocarbon 11 fuel contains a biogasoline fraction of 23.46%, biokerosene of $1.36%, green diesel of 14.98% and oxygenated compounds of 10.2%. Hydrocarbon Hil fuel contains a biogasoline fraction of 14.4% biokerosene of 71.47%, green diesel of 7.75% and oxygenated compounds of 6.39% The quality of the hydrocarbon fuel prod from catalytic cracking was measured by analyzing the cetane number in hydrocarbon fuels I, II and III, which were obtained

at 53.6, 56.6 and 56.9 respectively.