Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kari (Murraya koenigii L.) sebagai Antijamur secara In Vitro dan Tonik Rambut secara In Vivo

Abstract

Hair tonic is a cosmetic preparation used to help strengthen, improve growth and/or maintain the condition of hair. Pytrosporum ovale and Candida albicans fungi, if their growth exceeds 47%, will result in dandruff. Dandruff can cause hair growth to be hampered, resulting in inadequate blood flow and nutrients to the scalp and hair, resulting in hair roots becoming weak and lacking in nutrition. Hair tonic preparations can be formulated in gel preparations, because they are practical to use, not sticky, and the absorption process in the scalp is better and easy to clean. This study aims to formulate, evaluate and test the effectiveness of curry leaf ethanol extract gel as an antifungal in vitro and hair tonic in vivo. The research was carried out experimentally including making curry leaf ethanol extract, testing antifungal activity, formulating curry leaf ethanol extract in the form of a gel preparation, evaluating and testing the antifungal activity and hair growth of the gel preparation. The concentrations of curry leaf ethanol extract gel preparations are 1.5%, 3%, and 5%. Evaluation of gel preparations includes organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, viscosity, stability tests at low temperatures, room temperature, at high temperatures for 12 weeks and cycling tests and irritation tests. Antifungal activity testing against the fungi Pytrosporum ovale and Candida albicans was compared with positive control (ketoconazole gel) and negative control (gel base blank). Hair growth activity was measured visually, measuring the average length of the volunteers' hair using a digital caliper for 4 weeks and weighing the volunteers' hair. Data from antifungal measurements, hair length and hair weight were analyzed using the SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Smirnov) 25 program. The results showed that all curry leaf ethanol extract gel preparations were dark green in color, had a distinctive curry leaf aroma, were homogeneous, stable during 12 weeks of storage, pH value (5.0-6.0), had a spreadability of 4.9-6.2 cm, viscosity (2999- 3811 mPa.S), no phase separation occurs in the cycling test and does not irritate the skin. The results of the hair growth test and hair weight of volunteers showed an increase in hair growth at each concentration: blank; 1.5%; 3%; 5%, with an average length at week 4 of 8.66 mm, 9.03 mm, 9.44 mm, 9.93 mm and an average weight of 0.002 g, 0.004 g, 0.005 g and 0.004 g. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the 5% concentration of curry leaf (Murraya koenigii.L.) ethanol extract gel preparation has antifungal activity against Pytrosporum ovale and Candida albicans fungi and has the strongest activity as a hair tonic compared to other concentrations.