Pembuatan Metil Ester Asam Lemak dari Larva Lalat Tentara Hitam (Black Soldier Fly) melalui Reaksi in Situ Transesterifikasi Menggunakan Peralatan Penghancur Terkontrol

Abstract

Production of fatty acid methyl esters / biodiesel from black soldier fly larvae has been explopred through in-situ transesterification reaction BSF larvae on parameters catalysts concentration, reaction time, ratio of BSF larvae weight to methanol and stirring speed using controlled crushing device. The reaction conditions in this study were variations in the concentration of NaOH solution in methanol 0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9%, 12%, reaction time 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 75, 90 minutes, ratio BSF weight : Methanol 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, and stirring speed 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000, 8000 rpm. The conversion of fatty acid methyl esters was determined by gas chromatography (GC) and the change of functional groups from oil to fatty acid methyl esters was determined by FT-IR spectrophotometry. The highest conversion of fatty acid methyl esters of 93,8 ± 0,0% was achieved at reaction conditions of 7% catalyst concentration, reaction time of 20 minutes, the ratio BSF to methanol of 1:2 and the stirring speed of 3000 rpm. The formation of fatty acid methyl esters is characterized by differences in the shape of the -C-O-C- vibration peak at wave numbers 1300-1000 cm-1 where in oil the strongest absorption of the 3 peaks is in the second (middle) position while for BSF fatty acid methyl ester, the strongest absorption appeared in the far right position.