Strategi Adaptasi dan Modal Sosial Penenun Ulos di Desa Wisata Meat Kecamatan Tampahan Kabupaten Toba

Abstract

Meat Village is one of the villages in Toba Regency, North Sumatra Province, where the majority of the people are of the Toba Batak tribe. On February 11 2017, through the central government assistance program for the revitalization of traditional villages, the Directorate General of Culture, Ministry of Education and Culture (Ditjenbud), Meat Village was inaugurated as a tourism village. Before it became a tourism village in 2017, ulos weaving in Meat Village was only a part-time job, because the main job of the people of Meat Village was farming. This research aims to interpret how ulos weavers adapted before and after the legalization of Meat Village as a Meat Tourism Village in 2017, as well as how social capital played a role in the market chain between ulos weavers and ulos middlemen before and after the approval of Meat Village as Meat Tourism Village in 2017. Also in this research the author also includes livelihood sociology theory where ulos as an intangible culture is able to open employment opportunities for village communities. This research uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The results of the research show that in terms of social adaptation after the Meat Village was designated as a tourist attraction, the community was not fully prepared, especially due to the large number of tourists visiting, therefore Pokdarwiis always provides tourism understanding regarding procedures for interacting with tourists who visit the Meat Village. In terms of social capital, after the Meat Village was declared a Meat Tourism Village, the ulos weavers formed an association based on their settlement, there were 3 groups of ulos weavers, namely the Mandiri Group, the Bintang Group and the Dos Ni Roha Group, the formation of this group was to strengthen the bonds of brotherhood among ulos weavers and to facilitate data collection so that village governments can build collaboration with the government and the private sector. From a sociological perspective, livelihood restoration, ulos weaving is a permanent livelihood for village ulos weavers, because they do not need to worry about ulos raw materials and ulos marketing because these facilities have been provided by middlemen.