Pengobatan Tradisional di Perguruan Tharikat Kalamullah di Kelurahan Sumber Jaya, Kecamatan Martoba, Kota Pematangsiantar

Abstract

Modern medical treatment today continues to progress. All the conveniences offered, gave rise to the latest treatments in an effort to cure the disease. However, it cannot be denied that there are still traditional efforts that still exist in the midst of today's health modernization. People sometimes still choose traditional medicine as an alternative to cure certain diseases. One of the traditional healing practices that still exists and is trusted by the community is the traditional healing of the Tharikat Kalamullah college in Sumber Jaya Village, Pematangsiantar. Traditional medicine that is practiced still uses the kusuk therapy method as a form of healing. This research wants to find out how the etiology of the disease and the practice of treatment and how to cure diseases in traditional medicine practiced by the Tharikat Kalamullah school. This type of research uses qualitative methods with an ethnographic approach. Data collection in the research was carried out by direct observation of the treatment activities carried out, conducting interviews with the healers and several people involved and the community who knew this treatment. The results of the research show that there is a concept of healthy sickness that underlies the treatment in Tharikat Kalamullah and there is a belief that diseases based on their sources are divided into naturalistic diseases and personalistic diseases. Tharikat Kalamullah always involves ethnomedicine in its treatment activities, namely kusuk. The practice of kusuk includes knowledge of the "atok", which is the name for the "supernatural figure" of the great teacher who is believed to be a role model in conducting treatment. In addition to kusuk, the Tharikat Kalamullah also believes in several types of herbs in curing diseases such as kecibling leaves, peanut shells, ang cho fruit, and several other herbs as healing potions. In performing healing, the Tharikat Kalamullah college uses "ma'rifat" or prayers that are prayed through the deepest heart and are intended to achieve something such as healing from illness. From the analysis of Tharikat Kalamullah's treatment, there has also been medical syncretism in the traditional way of treatment carried out by the healer, namely the belief in ancestral spirits called "Atok". This research is expected to provide knowledge on how the etiology of disease and treatment practices as well as how to cure diseases in traditional medicine carried out by traditional healers in Tharikat Kalamullah.