Perbedaan Inflamasi Gingiva pada Penderita Periodontitis dengan Sindroma Metabolik dan Nonsindroma Metabolik

Abstract

Periodontitis begins with inflammation of the gingiva, progressing to the tissue structures supporting the teeth such as cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Dental and oral hygiene can affect the health of gingival tissue. The worse your oral and dental hygiene is, the more susceptible you are to inflammation of the gingiva. Gingival inflammation is caused by plaque buildup on the tooth surface and several non-plaque factors such as bacterial, fungal, viral infections, genetic lesions, and several mucocutaneous disorders that manifest as gingival inflammation. Metabolic syndrome is defined as a group of factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and central obesity. Metabolic syndrome influences periodontitis through the general mechanism of oxidative stress. Metabolic syndrome and periodontitis increase serum levels of oxidative damage products, creating a proinflammatory state. The aim of this study was to examine the differences in gingival inflammation in periodontitis sufferers with metabolic syndrome and non-metabolic syndrome at the USU Dental and Oral Hospital. This research is an analytical research with a cross sectional approach. The number of samples in this study was 80 people who were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Gingival inflammation examination is measured using the Gingival Index (GI) and Papillary Bleeding Index (PBI). The results showed that there were differences in GI scores (p=0,012) and PBI scores (p=0,038) between periodontitis sufferers with metabolic syndrome and non-metabolic syndrome subjects with a higher mean GI score (GI=1.27) than non-metabolic syndrome subjects (GI=1.15). The mean PBI of periodontitis sufferers with metabolic syndrome is higher (PBI=1,66) than subjects without metabolic syndrome (PBI).