Perbedaan Kebutuhan Perawatan Periodontal pada Penderita Periodontitis dengan Sindroma Metabolik dan Nonsindroma Metabolik

Abstract

Periodontitis is a periodontal disease caused by bacterial plaque. Periodontitis is characterized by attachment loss, periodontal pockets, and swelling of the gingiva which can be accompanied by bleeding. Metabolic syndrome is a combination of obesity, hypertension, dysglycemia and dyslipidemia . Metabolic syndrome is a proinflammatory state due to insulin resistance that is associated with abdominal circumference and body mass index ( which indicates an increase in fat levels. The criteria for assessing metabolic syndrome using NCEP-ATP III is if someone has 3 of the 5 criteria can be said to have metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome causes a prooxidative state in periodontal tissue so that the antioxidant defense mechanism changes and adversely affects the tissue response to bacterial plaque. Periodontitis contributes to the development of metabolic syndrome due to increased levels of inflammatory mediators resulting in an increased risk of type II diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. The purp ose of this study was to see the differences in periodontal treatment needs in periodontitis patients with metabolic syndrome and metabolic syndrome who come to the Dental and Oral Hospital USU. The research method used in this study is an observational analytical research with a cross sectional approach . This study was conducted at the Dental and Oral Hospital USU with a sample of 90 people according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Examination of periodontal status and periodontal treatment needs using the c ommunity p eriodontal index o f t reatment n eeds (CPITN) with a WHO probe. The results showed that there was a difference (p=0.023) in periodontal treatment needs between periodontitis patients with metabolic syndrome and without metabolic syndrome where periodontal status in periodontitis patients with metabolic syndrome was worse (score 4) so that periodontal treatment needs were higher (score III) compared to periodontitis patients with out metabolic syndrome.