Hubungan Pola Pemberian Susu Formula terhadap Tingkat Keparahan Early Childhood Caries (ECC) pada Anak Usia 2 -5 Tahun di Kecamatan Medan Denai

Abstract

ECC (Early Childhood Caries) is caries that occurs in children under 71 months of age. Usually, ECC involves the maxillary incisors on the labial and palatal surfaces, if it continues it can involve the maxillary deciduous molars and even all the deciduous teeth in the child. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of formula milk feeding patterns based on frequency, duration, length of feeding, time of feeding, method of feeding and addition of sugar/sweetener to the severity of ECC in Medan Denai District. This type of research is analytic survey with cross sectional design. The population of this study were children 2-5 years old in Medan Denai District. The sample amounted to 92 people who were taken with purposive sampling technique. Examination of severity was carried out based on Wayne which classifies into 3 types namely type I (mild), type II (moderate), and type III (severe). Data were analyzed using chi-square test. The results showed that frequency of consumption, length of consumption, duration of consumption, time of consumption, and addition of sugar/sweeteners to formula milk had a significant relationship with the severity of ECC (p<0.05). Bottle use did not have a significant relationship with ECC severity (p=0.710). It can be concluded from this study that the frequency of consumption, length of consumption, duration of consumption, time of consumption of formula milk and the addition of sugar/sweetener are associated with the severity of ECC while the use of bottles/dots is not associated with the severity of ECC in children 2-5 years old in Medan Denai District.