Hubungan Karakteristik Individu dan Pola Makan dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Kelompok Umur 45-59 Tahun di Puskesmas Hutabaginda Tahun 2023

Abstract

Based on data from the World Health Organization in 2021, 1.4 billion people worldwide have high blood pressure, but only 14 percent have it under control. According to the health profile of North Sumatera in 2021, the prevalence of hypertension in North Sumatera reached 5.52 percent of the population. This study aims to determine the relationship between individual characteristics and diet with the hypertension incidence in the age group 45-59 years at Hutabaginda Public Health Center in 2023. This study used a cross-sectional design with purposive sampling technique, with a sample size of 102 individuals. Data collection was done using interviews with the SQ-FFQ research questionnaire and blood pressure measurements. The results of the study showed that the majority of the population in the age range of 45-55 years (63.7%) were female (67.6%), had a high school education level (61.8%), were self-employed (32.4%), and had no family history of hypertension (63.7%). Based on dietary patterns, the majority of individuals fell into the category of excessive carbohydrate intake (47.1%), excessive fat intake (44.1%), and sufficient sodium intake (55.9%). The results showed a significant relationship between individual characteristics such as age (p=0.024), gender (p=0.040), and family history (p=0.007), with the occurrence of hypertension. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between carbohydrate (p=0,000), fat (p=0,028), and sodium intake patterns (p=0.000) and the occurrence of hypertension. This study can be used for the recommendation of more effective intervention and prevention strategies, particularly in terms of educating individuals about healthy dietary patterns and the importance of monitoring characteristics that are at risk for hypertension.