Analisis Faktor Risiko Hipertensi pada Remaja (Suatu Meta Analysis)

Abstract

There is still controversy regarding the relationship between family history, smoking behavior and physical activity with hypertension in adolescents. There are several studies that show significant relationships and some that are not significant. So far, there are still few studies that used meta analysis applications as a statistical technique to combine quantitative research, so this research tries to analyze whether there is a relationship between family history, smoking behavior and physical activity and hypertension in adolescents using meta analysis techniques. The aim of this study was to apply meta-analysis techniques to assess the effect size of the relationship between family history, smoking behavior and physical activity with hypertension in adolescents. This research was conducted using meta analysis, namely a systematic review accompanied by statistical techniques, by searching for articles in English and Indonesian in EBSCO, ProQuest, SpringerLink, Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar published in 2010 - 2023. Of the 130 full text articles (thesis, scientific papers, and journal articles) that met the criteria, only 3 articles included the variables family history, smoking behavior, and physical activity. The effect size used is the odds ratio. The results of the heterogeneity analysis test showed that the relationship between family history and physical activity in adolescents with hypertension showed heterogeneous results. Meanwhile, the relationship between smoking behavior and hypertension in adolescence showed homogeneous results. There is a significant relationship between family history and hypertension with OR : 3.029 (95% CI 1.248–7.351; p=0.014), there is a significant relationship between smoking behavior and hypertension with OR: 2.395 (95% CI 1.164–3.489; p<0.001), while there is no significant relationship between physical activity and hypertension with OR: 2.329 (95% CI 0.427 – 12.692; p=0.328). The results of this study concluded that family history and smoking behavior each showed a significant relationship with hypertension. It is recommended that adolescents were advised not to smoke, which will result in an increased risk of developing hypertension due to substances contained in cigarettes such as nicotine and carbon monoxide