Sintesis Kardanil Metil Eter melalui Reaksi Eterifikasi Kardanol Hasil Isolasi Kulit Biji Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) dengan Variasi Molar Dimetil Karbonat

Abstract

Synthesis of cardanyl methyl ether was carried out through an etherification reaction between cardanol isolated from cashew seed shell extract (CNSL) and dimethyl carbonate.Cardanol isolation was carried out by adding acetone, Ca(OH)2 ,25% NH4OH, n-hexane: ethyl acetate (98:2), washing with 2.5% NaOH, 5% HCl, distilled water, and anhydrous Na2SO4. The yield of cardanol obtained was 38,556 g (38.556%) of the initial weight of CNSL) with the percent of cardanol based on GC-MS results obtained by 68,07% and had the following characteristics: acid number 3.19 mgKOH/g, iodine number 220.5310 g I2/100 g, viscosity 36.4 cP , density 0.643 g/mL, pH = 6.06. Cardanyl methyl ether was synthesized by adding K2CO3, dimethyl carbonate, TBAB (Tetra butyl Ammonium Bromide) with a reflux time of 5 hours. The parameters used in this study were molar variations of cardanol: dimethyl carbonate (1:12 ; 1:16 ; and 1:20) and yielded 3.1667 g; 1.2028 g; 1.0800 g cardanyl methyl ether. The obtained cardanyl methyl ether was analyzed by FT-IR spectrophotometer and GC-MS. The FT-IR spectrophotometer showed the formation of cardanyl methyl ether which was characterized by a decrease in the absorption intensity of the -OH group at wave numbers around 3000-3400 cm-1. The FT-IR spectrum of cardanyl methyl ether shows an absorption band at 1258.80-1260.11 cm-1 indicating the C-O stretching group, at wave numbers 1021.44 -1169.34 cm-1 indicating the formation of asymmetrical and symmetrical C-O-C stretching groups of the compound ether. The results of cardanyl methyl ether analysis with various molar ratios of cardanol: dimetil karbonat (1:12 ; 1:16 ; 1:20) with GC-MS obtained of 16.46%, 15.46% and 18.94%. These results indicate that the maximum percentage of cardanyl methyl ether was obtained under the reaction conditions of various molar ratios of cardanol: dimethyl carbonate (1:20), 0.795 grams of K2CO3, 1.289 grams of TBAB, and a reflux time of 5 hours.