Hubungan Pola Makan dan Stres dengan Kejadian Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Tanjung Morawa Kabupaten Deli Serdang Tahun 2023

Abstract

Based on data from the International Diabetes Federation in 2021, 16.2 percent of the population in Asia has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data released by the health profile of the Republic of Indonesia states that in 2020, the prevalence of diabetes in Indonesia reached 6.2 percent of the population. This study aims to determine the relationship between diet and stress with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus at Tanjung Morawa Public Health Center Deli Serdang District in 2023. This study used a cross-sectional design with accidental sampling technique, with a total sample size of 106 people. Data collection using interview techniques with the SQ-FFQ research questionnaire and DASS questionnaire and assisted by medical record data from the Puskesmas. The results of the study based on food intake showed that 44 people (41.5 percent) experienced excessive carbohydrate intake or above 120 percent of the RDA, and as many as 48 people (45.3 percent) experienced moderate and severe stress. The results showed an association between diet and the incidence of type 2 DM which included carbohydrates (p=0.0001), protein (0.0001), and fat (0.005), while there was no association between vitamin A and the incidence of type 2 DM (p=0.145) and vitamin C (p=0.174). The results showed an association between stress levels and the incidence of type 2 DM (p=0.0001). This study is expected to be used as the development of more effective intervention and prevention strategies at the community level, especially in terms of education on healthy eating patterns and stress management at risk of diabetes.