Analisis Spasial Iklim dan Akses Jamban Sehat dengan Kejadian Diare pada Balita di Kabupaten Deli Serdang Tahun 2017-2022

Abstract

Diarrhea is a health threat to toddlers throughout the world. The increase in diarrhea cases in toddlers is a problem in various regions in Indonesia, especially in Deli Serdang Regency with a percentage of cases of 26.67% in 2021. The high prevalence of diarrhea cases in toddlers in Deli Serdang Regency can be influenced by climate element and access to healthy latrines. The aim of this research is to spatially analyze the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers based on climate risk factors and access to healthy latrines in Deli Serdang Regency in 2017-2022. The type of research used in this research is descriptive epidemiology with analytical quantitative interpretation based on an ecological study design. The aggregate data used is secondary data from the Deli Serdang District Health Service, BMKG Sampali, and BPS Deli Serdang. The data analysis method uses bivariate analysis with Spearman correlation and spatial analysis with QGIS software version 3.30. The analysis results show that humidity is significantly positively correlated (p=0.011 and r=0.297), rainfall is significantly negatively correlated (p=0.006 and r=-0.322), and wind speed is significantly positively correlated (p=0.000 and r=0.442) with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers and is positively correlated with access to healthy toilets (p=0.000 and r=0.616). Spatial analysis of the distribution of diarrhea cases among toddlers based on rainfall shows that the potential areas are Sunggal District, while based on access to healthy toilets they are Percut Sei Tuan Districts. The vulnerability level map shows that the Percut Sei Tuan and Sunggal sub-districts are areas prone to diarrhea incidents among toddlers during 2017-2022. It is hoped that the Deli Serdang District Health Service can utilize the results of this research as a basis for forming health policies in areas with a high vulnerability to the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers.