Pengaruh Sosiodemografi dan Kebiasaan Merokok terhadap Kejadian Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis pada Lansia di Puskesmas Mulyorejo Deli Serdang Tahun 2023

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death in the world. The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) reported 251 million cases of COPD in 2016 worldwide and in 2017 reached 299 million cases of COPD, with incidence occurring at the age of 30 to 79 years. COPD blocks airflow, which makes breathing difficult or limited, but this disease can be prevented or treated. This study aims to determine the effect of sociodemographics and smoking habits on the incidence of COPD in the elderly at the Mulyorejo Health Center, Deli Serdang Regency in 2023. This study used a case control design. The number of research samples was divided into 2 groups, namely 36 respondents in the case group and 72 respondents in the control group with a ratio of 1:2 so that the total was 108 samples. Samples were taken using consecutive sampling technique. Data collection used interview techniques with questionnaires and medical record data. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively, bivariate data used the logistic regression test and multivariate data were analyzed using the multiple logistic regression test. The results showed that the variables that had an effect on the incidence of COPD were occupation (p<0.05), family history (p<0.05), and smoking habits (p<0.05). Variables that have no influence on the incidence of COPD are education (p>0.05) and income (p>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the most influential factor on COPD was family history. This research can be used as education in the community about COPD so that the community is expected to be able to improve COPD prevention efforts.