Hubungan Pola Makan dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Kejadian Hipertensi di Puskesmas Simalingkar Kota Medan Tahun 2023

Abstract

Based on data from the World Health Organization in 2021, approximately 1.28 billion people worldwide suffer from hypertension. According to the Basic Health Research conducted in 2018, the prevalence of hypertension in North Sumatra reached (29.11%) of the population. Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that remains a significant issue in the field of health. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship of dietary patterns and physical activity with hypertension incidence at Simalingkar Public Health Center. The research is of analitic metake with cross-sectional approach. Data collection was done using a research questionnaire interview technique SQ-FFQ, Physical Activity Level form, and employing the chi-square test. Based on the results of the study, regarding dietary patterns, the majority of the population consumed an excess of carbohydrates (40.1%), an excess of fat (53.1%), and an excess of sodium (59.2%). Regarding physical activity, the majority of the population had a sufficient level of physical activity (63.9%). The conclusion from the research indicates that dietary variables (carbohydrates, fat, sodium) and physical activity are related to the occurrence of hypertension, with p-values for carbohydrates (p=0.004<0.05), fat (p=0.002<0.05), sodium (p=0.0001<0.05), and physical activity (p=0.001<0,05). It is hoped that individuals with a dietary pattern high in carbohydrates, fat, and sodium pay more attention to the amount of intake from foods rich in carbohydrates, fat, and sodium. People with light physical activity should increase their physical activity through exercise or other activities. Individuals with hypertension should also regularly monitor their blood pressure at healthcare facilities.