Efektivitas dan Formulasi Kitosan Oligosakarida pada Sediaan Shampo Anti Rontok dengan Aktivitas Antimikroba Candida Albicans

Abstract

Chitosan has many functions that are developed in various fields and products. One of the interesting functional properties of chitosan is as an antimicrobial by the interaction between chitosan and the outer cell membrane of bacteria. The antimicrobial mechanism of chitosan against bacteria has two theories, the first is that the amine functional group in chitosan forms a bond to the bacterial cell wall which results in the leakage of intracellular constituents, then the second by damaging the bacterial cell wall, chitosan performs intracellular binding and inhibits protein synthesis. Chitosan and hair complement each other because they have opposite electrical charges and chitosan in a material if used on hair will become softer, smoother, and stronger hair. This study aims to formulate an anti-fall shampoo where the concentration of chitosan oligosaccharides added is different, namely 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5% which can inhibit the activity of gram-positive microbes Candida albicans. Determination of effectiveness and optimum formulation is obtained from shampoo evaluation which includes organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, viscosity test, emulsion stability test, foam height test, irritation test, hedonic test, microbial activity test. The results of the 8-week study showed that the Anti Hair Loss Shampoo met the requirements of the homogeneity test, pH test (5.0- 9.0) in SNI 06-2692-1992, viscosity test (1,773-2,297 cP) increased and met the requirements of SNI 06-2692-1992. In the hedonic test, panelists liked the Anti Hair Loss Shampoo with 2% chitosan concentration. For the antimicrobial activity test, the highest was at a chitosan concentration of 2.5%, with an inhibition zone of 32.20 mm. In the hedonic test, the panelists liked the anti-fall shampoo with 2% chitosan concentration