Keanekaragaman Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula pada Ekosistem Hutan Mangrove Desa Lubuk Kertang

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhiza is a type of fungus that lives in the soil. This fungus belongs to the endomycorrhizal group which has a hyphal structure called arbuscule. Therefore, it is interesting to discuss how the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizae in mangrove areas is influenced by sea tides which make the soil in mangrove areas anaerobic and aerobic with the nature of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi being aerobic. The aim is to determine the diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) under stands of R. mucronata, R. apiculata, R. stylosa, A. alba, A. officinalis, and A. marina. This research was carried out from March to May 2022. Soil sampling under stands of R. mucronata, R. apiculata, R. stylosa, A. alba, A. officinalis, A. marina in mangrove forests in Lubuk Kertang Village, West Brandan District, Langkat Regency. The methods used for this research include: Soil sampling was carried out randomly with three points made. Soil samples were taken using a soil drill with a depth of 0-20 cm. The trapping technique is that the soil sample is made into 5 culture pots for each type of stand so that the total number of culture pots is 30 culture pots. Observation of soil and root samples was carried out by extracting spores and colonizing AMF on sample plant roots. Percent root colonization at a depth of 0-20 cm, it was found that the six types of mangrove stands had a percent root colonization of corn (Zea mays), namely in the range of 11.36% - 25.77%, which is relatively low. At a depth of 0-20 cm, 6 types of spores were found, namely Glomus sp-1, Glomus sp-2, Glomus sp-3, Glomus sp-5, and Glomus sp-6, and at each depth the spore type most frequently found was the spore type Glomus.