Hubungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) dan Kadmium (Cd) terhadap Keanekaragaman Fitoplankton di Sungai Belawan

Abstract

The Belawan River is one of the rivers in the province North Sumatra which crosses at Deli Serdang Regency and Medan City. At the moment, the river is used for residential and industrial activities. Waste that is disposed of into the river affects either water quality or the content of heavy metals such as lead and cadmium to the phytoplankton diversity. The aim of this research was to analyze diversity phytoplankton and to know the relationship between the physical and chemical factors of the water and the lead and cadmium contents to the phytoplankton diversity in the Belawan River Pancur Batu District, North Sumatra. This research used a Purposive sampling method by determining 5 stations based on the activity community in the Belawan river basin. Identifycation of the phytoplankton carried out at the PSDAL Laboratory, Biology Study Program, University of North Sumatra, meanwhile the analysis of the physical and chemical factors of water carried out by Balai Environmental Health Engineering and Medan Disease Control. Base on the observation from the 5 stations. the research gain 5 classes, 17 families, 20 genera of phytoplankton, those included in Bacillariophyceae Classes (9 genera), Chlorophyceae (6 Genera), Trebouxiophyceae (1 Genera), Cyanophyceae (2 Genera), Ulvophyceae (1 Genera). In total there are 17 families and 20 genus found in the waters of the Belawan River. Diversity index value The highest (H') is obtained at station 5, by the value of 2.30 with diversity criteria currently. The highest uniformity index (E) value is obtained at station 1( 0.2 categorized with high diversity. Lead contents obtained from 5 stations range from 0.000147 to 0.000626 mg/L while cadmium contents range from 0.000056 to 0.000115 mg/L. The metal content of lead and cadmium shows a particularly strong influence on the lead and cadmium levels