Analisis Paparan Gas Hidrogen Sulfida (H2s) dan Keluhan Saluran Pernapasan pada Pemulung di TPA Terjun Kecamatan Medan Marelan Tahun 2024

Abstract

Every year, the volume of waste received by Terjun Landfill continues to increase and has now reached 1500–2000 tons per day. This waste accumulation undergoes compaction, creating anaerobic conditions that support decomposition activities that produce hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas. The waste management system is also suboptimal, as it has not fully implemented a sanitary landfill system. Additionally, many scavengers who do not use nose protection equipment, such as masks, are at risk of direct exposure to H2S gas, leading to respiratory issues. The objective of this study is to analyze hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas exposure and respiratory complaints among scavengers at Terjun Landfill in the Medan Marelan Sub-District. This study employed an analytical research design with a cross-sectional approach, sampling a total of 66 individuals using purposive sampling techniques. The research findings indicate that H2S concentrations did not exceed the permissible exposure limits, measuring 0,00076 ppm at the waste disposal point, 0,00085 ppm at rest areas for scavengers, and 0,00081 ppm at waste sorting points, with environmental conditions averaging 34°C in temperature, 43% humidity, a maximum wind speed of 2,5 m/s, and a prevailing westward wind direction. The low H2S concentrations could be attributed to preceding rainy seasons, high wind speeds, and relatively warm temperatures during the sampling period. Furthermore, 92,4% of scavengers reported respiratory complaints, with the most common being nasal congestion, coughing, and sneezing. Recommendations are made to the Medan City Environmental Agency to optimize waste management processes, conduct regular air quality monitoring, and implement awareness programs to educate scavengers about the risks associated with exposure to pollutants, particularly hydrogen sulfide (H2S)