Hubungan Konsentrasi PM2,5 Terhadap Kejadian Stunting di Kecamatan Medan Deli dan Kecamatan Medan Belawan

Abstract

Nutritional problems in children under five are still number one in the world, including stunting, wasting and overweight. One of the nutritional problems that can worsen the quality of life of children in achieving growth and development is stunting. The incidence of stunting has been stated to be due to malnutrition. In fact, according to HL Blum's theory, there are 4 factors that affect public health. According to HL Blum's theory, the degree of public health is determined by 40% environmental factors, 30% behavioral factors, 20% health service factors, and 10% genetic factors (heredity). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) report in 2018, 98% of children under 5 years old are exposed to air pollution above the maximum recommended concentration. This phenomenon mainly occurs in poor and developing countries such as Indonesia. This study was conducted to further analyze the relationship between air quality and the incidence of stunting at the age of 0-59 months in Medan Deli Subdistrict and Medan Subdistrict by conducting a comparative analysis to compare the data from the measurement of PM2.5 concentration in ambient air with PM2.5 concentration in indoor air, correlation test using SPSS to analyze the relationship between PM2.5 concentration in ambient air and PM2.5 concentration in indoor air with the incidence of stunting, multivariate test to analyze the relationship between behavioral factors and home environmental factors with PM2.5 concentration in indoor air that affect the incidence of stunting. The number of stunting cases in Medan Deli Sub-district and Medan Sub-district was 77 cases. PM2.5 in Medan City in 2022 was 89.5 μg/m³ and 2023 was 99.8 μg/m³ with an unhealthy category. From the results of the research conducted, there is a negative relationship between PM2.5 in ambient air and indoor PM2.5 on the incidence of stunting in Medan Deli District and Medan Belawan District