Pra Rancangan Pabrik Pembuatan Asam Sitrat dari Kulit Nanas Kapasitas Produksi 35.000 Ton/Tahun dengan Tugas Kusus Keteknikan Fermenter

Abstract

Citric acid is a weak organic acid with the chemical formula C6H8O7. The use of citric acid includes 65% in the food industry, 20% in the cosmetics industry, and 15% in the chemical and textile industry. The amount of citric acid imports in Indonesia continues to be around 35,000 tons/year while exports only reach around 20 tons/year, so it is necessary to establish a citric acid factory to reduce dependence on imports. The material used to make citric acid is pineapple peel which has a monosaccharide content of up to 30% which will be converted using Aspergillus Niger microbes into citric acid. Citric acid production is carried out using a submerged fermentation process with a stirred reactor with a capacity of 35,000 tons/year. The main process in making citric acid consists of pre-treatment, fermentation, purification and packaging processes. The location for the factory establishment is in the Seputih area, Tebanggi Besar, Central Lampung with a land area of 25,000 m2, the workforce required is 338 people with the form of a Limited Liability Company (PT) business entity led by a factory manager with a line and staff organization system. The investment capital required to set up a factory is IDR 500,057,817,640 with production costs of IDR 641,432,069,915 and the net profit obtained is IDR 85,692,134,680. Based on the economic feasibility analysis, this factory has a BEP of 52.04%, ROI 21%, PM 15.99%, POT 5 years, RON 29%, and IRR 32%. From the results of the economic analysis, it can be concluded that the pre-designed factory for making citric acid from pineapple peel using a wet process is feasible to establish