Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Dedak Padi Menggunakan Katalis Berbasis Karbon Aktif dari Kulit Manggis yang Diimpregnasi KOH : Pengaruh Berat Katalis, Suhu Reaksi, Rasio Mol Reaktan dan Waktu Reaksi

Abstract

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel engines consisting of alkyl monoesters from plant oils or animal fats. Rice brand oil is a raw material of vegetable oil that can be used as raw material for biodiesel. The purpose of this study was to observe the use of rice brand oil in the manufacture of biodiesel by using an activated carbon-based catalyst of the mangosteen skin impregnated with KOH, resulting in the best yield of various reaction variables performed. The transesterification reaction of oil and methanol to produce methyl esters and glycerol. The methyl ester produced at the top layer was separated from glycerol and then washed. The effects of various process variables such as the molar ratio of the reactants, the amount of catalyst and the reaction time were observed in this experiment. The properties of biodiesel such as ester content, density, kinematic viscosity, and flash point were evaluated and compared with Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Under the best conditions, the maximum yield of biodiesel was 95,17 % obtained using amolar ratio of oil : methanol of 1: 9 at 60°C with a reaction time of 2 hours and 3% catalyst. The results obtained in this study indicate that the activated carbon-based catalyst of KOH impregnated shell candle is suitable as a catalyst for producing biodiesel