Hubungan Ekspresi Imunohistokimia Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) terhadap Klinikopatologi dan Subtype Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma di Rumah Sakit Umum Haji Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Background: Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma is an epithelial malignancy that shows follicular cell differentiation and a series of characteristic core features, with the best prognosis of thyroid carcinoma overall in patients. Occurs at any age and the predominance of women is 3 times higher than men. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 is a type of MMP that can degrade various components of the ECM which is an important step in cancer cell invasion and tumor migration, therefore MMP plays an important role in tumor metastasis. Methods: This research was analytical by performing MMP-9 immunohistochemical staining on 32 PTC samples. Assessment of MMP-9 expression was made based on analysis of the percentage of positive tumor cells and staining intensity. Score 0: (no positive tumor cells). Score 1+: (<10% positive tumor cells). Score 2+: (10–50% positive tumor cells). Score 3+: (> 50% positive tumor cells). The color intensity of MMP-9 is categorized as follows: Score 0: (negative). Score 1: (weak). Score 2: (medium). Results: The clinical characteristics of PTC samples in this study were more often found in women, 84.4%. The largest age group was 61-70 years old (37.5%) and clinical stage I (50.0%), tumor size T4 (56.3%), lymph node involvement (81.3%), M0 metastasis (84.4%), LVI was negative (87.5%). The most common histopathological subtype was PTC, the classic type (46.9%). Conclusion: The clinical relevance of MMP-9 overexpression is strongly supported by its significant association with a higher incidence of metastasis and recurrence