Hubungan Kadar Selenium Serum dengan Kejadian Tumor Mata di Rumah Sakit Prof Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Background: Eye tumors are eye diseases with high morbidity and mortality rates. Several risk factors for eye tumors include ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation, immune system disorders, smoking, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, mutations in the tumor suppressor gene p53, and exposure to free radicals. Selenium plays a role as an antioxidant through selenoproteins, which act as chemoprotective agents against cancer. Based on the above data, researchers were interested in further investigating the relationship between serum selenium levels and eye tumors. Method: This study is an observational analytical study with a case-control approach. The research was conducted at RS Prof CPL Universitas Sumatera Utara from June 2024 to July 2024. Results: This study included 20 subjects with eye tumors and 20 control individuals. The study subjects consisted of 11 females and 9 males who visited the Eye Clinic. The mean age of subjects in the eye tumor group was 43.55 (range 19-85) years and the control group was 41.65 (range 23- 64) years. Most subjects in the eye tumor group is overweight, totaling 9 individuals (45%), while in the control group, 11 individuals (55%) were in the normoweight category. Among the 20 eye tumor patients, there were 13 (65%) with benign tumors and 7 (35%) with malignant tumors. Selenium levels in eye tumor patients were significantly lower compared to subjects with normal eyes, with a mean of 100.03 μg/L (SD=27.93 μg/L) versus 213.15 μg/L (SD=33.09 μg/L) with p<0.001. Selenium levels in malignant eye tumors were lower compared to selenium levels in benign eye tumor patients, with a mean of 87.37 μg/L (SD=30.68 μg/L) versus 106.84 μg/L (SD=24.91 μg/L). In eye tumor patients, a significant relationship was found between selenium levels and BMI (p=0.036). There was a difference in selenium levels between eye tumor patients in the normal weight and obesity groups (p=0.034). However, in subjects with normal eyes, there was no significant relationship between selenium levels and BMI (p=0.083). Conclusion: There is a relationship between selenium levels and the occurrence of eye tumors.