Pengujian Senyawa Carrier pada Proses Imobilisasi Enzim Lipase dan Aplikasinya pada Reaksi Hidrolisis Refined, Bleached and Deodorized Palm Olein (RBDPO)

Abstract

Fatty acids are one of the non-food bases in the oleochemical industry, which in Indonesia the fulfillment still in small quantity. This is because the production process requires high energy and costs. One solution to solve this problem is to use the lipase enzyme immobilization method. However, the selection of the carrier compounds in the process of immobilizing the lipase enzyme by the cross-linking-adsorption method is still a challenge. Thats why testing carrier compounds in the enzyme immobilization process in order to maximize enzyme-carrier interactions, as well as produce stable carrier compounds that can maintain enzyme activity. This study aims to analyze the efficiency, activity and stability of the lipase enzyme immobilized on the carrier compounds and to test the density and viscosity of fatty acids produced through the hydrolysis process. Variations of the research carried out were the types of carrier compounds, silica gel, Amberlite XAD-2 and DEAE Sephadex A-50. In addition, variations in the repetition of the use of immobilized enzymes were also carried out up to 4 times. The results of this research using the Bradford method showed that the three types of carrier compounds used were able to bind the lipase enzyme by more than 88.88%. The results of repeating the three carrier compounds gave different results. Silica gel is produce fatty acid levels above 80%, Amberlite XAD-2 above 70% and DEAE Sephadex A-50 above 60%. The highest fatty acid content obtained in this study was 91.67% using silica gel for the first time use. The results for the SEM test on silica gel and Amberlite XAD-2 stated that the carrier successfully immobilized the lipase enzyme. Based on density and viscosity tests, all repetition results have values that are in accordance with SNI 01-0015-1987.