| dc.description.abstract | Background: Kemloko fruit contains several compounds that can be used as as antibacterials. Ethanol extract of kemloko fruit was formulated in nanogel preparations which has inhibition against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria.
Objective: This study aims to formulate and evaluate the antibacterial activity nanogel of the ethanol extract of kemloko fruit against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis which are better than the gel preparations.
Method: Ethanol extract of kemloko fruit is made using the MAE (Microwave Assisted Extraction) method. Subsequently, antibacterial activity test are carried out variations in the concentration. The nanogel formulation are F1 (3%), F2 (5%), F3 (7%) and F4 (gel 7%). Evaluation of nanogel and gel includes organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, particle size, cycling test, stability test at room temperature for 12 weeks, and irritation test on volunteers. Antibacterial activity testing of nanogel formulation is carried out against Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria.
Results: The concentration of ethanol extract of kemloko fruit provides an effective inhibitory diameter is 30 mg/ml is 10,71 ± 0,76 against Propionibacterium acnes and 10,90 ± 0,36 against Staphylococcus epidermidis. All nanogels and gel preparations meet the requirements of evaluation, stability, and did not cause irritation. The nanogel of ethanol extract of kemloko fruit at F1 (3%), F2 (5%), F3 (7%) was obtained inhibitory zone against Propionibacterium acnes namely at 10,7 ± 0,22 mm, 12,46 ± 0,35 mm and 15,33 ± 0,28 mm, and against Staphylococcus epidermidis, which were 11,41 ± 0,76 mm, 14,10 ± 0,55 mm, and 18,51 ± 0,57 mm. and at F4 (gel 7%) at 12,73 ± 0,68 mm and 15,54 ± 0,65 mm. At F4 (7% gel), the inhibitory zone against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis was obtained at 12.73 ± 0.68 mm and 15.54 ± 0.65 mm, the antibacterial activity of F4 (7% gel) against Propionibacterium acnes was not significantly different from that of F2 nanogel (5%).
Conclusion: The nanogel preparation F3 (7%) showed the most effective antibacterial activity against the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, and the antibacterial activity of the F2 nanogel preparation (5%) was equivalent to the F4 gel preparation (7%) against the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes. | en_US |
