Aktivitas Antibakteri Daun Bayam Merah (Amaranthus Tricolor L.) terhadap Pseudomonas Aeruginosa dan Streptococcus Pyogenes Menggunakan Microwave-Assisted Extraction

Abstract

Background: Humans are among the most susceptible living beings to bacterial infections. Infectious wounds on the skin surface are easily colonized by various kinds of organisms, one of which is Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes. Red spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) contains flavonoids which are phenol compounds with antimicrobial properties, tannins with adstingent properties, saponins with the ability to spur collagen formation which plays a role in the wound healing process. Objective: This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of red spinach leaves (Amaranthus tricolor L.) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes. Methods: The methods used in this research included the preparation of dried powder, characterization, phytochemical screening, extraction by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method used 70% and 96% ethanol variations and then extract characterization and tested the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of red spinach leaves against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes by paper disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer test) to obtain the diameter of inhibition. Results: The 70% ethanol extract of red spinach leaves had the lowest concentration which had an inhibition of 0.78 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria with a diameter of 7.23 mm and 7.90 mm respectively, while the 96% ethanol extract of red spinach leaves had the lowest concentration which had an inhibition of 0.78 mg/ml against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes with a same diameter of 7.43 mm. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of red spinach leaves has antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes.