Hubungan dan Rasio Partikulat Mater 10 terhadap Metilasi DNA Gen p53 dan Jumlah Black Dots dalam Nuklei Sel Epitel Bukal Pekerja Daur Ulang Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Sampah Kota Medan

Abstract

Open landfill sites are frequently-exposed areas of particulate matter (PM10) with various types of particulates. This variation is due to the waste disposal management activity including burning, fermentations, movements of accumulated litter. High and long exposure of these PM10 may lead to carcinogenic risks due to the interaction of these particulates to human cells, and this condition frequently happens in recycle workers who are not only living in the nearby areas, but also spend a lot of time in open landfill sites. This study explores the relationship and ratio of particulate matter 10 (PM10) to DNA P53 gene methylation and the number of black dots in the nuclei of buccal epithelial cells of recycling workers at the Medan City Landfill. The study aims to identify the relationship and ratio of PM10 levels, pollutant characteristics at the Medan City Landfill, characteristics of the recycling worker group and non- recycling worker group based on gender, age, employment status, years of service, number of working days in a week, and number of working hours in a day. It also seeks to find differences and the ratio of the intensity of methylated and unmethylated DNA P53 gene bands in the recycling worker group and the non- recycling worker group, as well as the relationship and ratio of the number of black dots in the nuclei of buccal epithelial cells in the recycling worker group and the non-recycling worker group. Our findings found that the majority of recycling workers are over 55 years old (36%), with 28 men (56%), all having temporary employment status (100%), working 7 days a week (46%) with 8-hour workdays (46%). The intensity of methylated DNA P53 gene bands between recycling workers and non-recycling workers demonstrated a P-value of 0.987 (Independent t-test) for methylated bands and a P-value of 0.0009 (Mann-Whitney test) for unmethylated bands. For the relationship and ratio of the number of black dots in the nuclei of epithelial cells between recycling workers and non-recycling workers, the P-value was 0.0001 (Mann-Whitney test). The analysis of the difference and ratio of the number of black dots in the nuclei of buccal epithelial cells illustrated higher number of black dotsin the nuclei of buccal epithelial cells expressed by AgNOR staining in recycling workers compared to non-recycling workers.