Uji Efek Imunomodulator Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Jeruk Purut (Citrus hystrix) terhadap Aktivitas Fagositosis dan Respon Hipersensitivitas Tipe Lambat

Abstract

Background : Kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) contains saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and coumarins. Kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix) fruit peel has potential as an immunomodulator because it contains flavonoids, especially naringenin and hesperidin. Objective : This study aims to determine the immunomodulatory effects of ethanol extract of kaffir lime peel (Citrus hystrix) on phagocytosis in mice and delayed type hypersensitivity response in rats. Methods : Phagocytosis was determined using the carbon clearance method while the delayed type hypersensitivity response by measuring the swelling of the rats paw. Each method used in the test was divided into 5 treatment groups, namely the negative control group, positive control, and 3 extract test groups. Mice were given ethanol extract of kaffir lime doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/KgBW for 7 days. Then, on the 8th day, the carbon suspension was injected and the absorbance of carbon in the blood was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 640.5 nm, then the mice were sacrificed and the liver and lymph organs were taken. Rats were given ethanol extract of kaffir lime doses of 17.5; 35; 70 mg/KgBW for 14 days. On the 4th day, the rats were injected with Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, then the treatment was continued until the 14th day. On the 14th day, the initial volume of the rats paw was measured using a pletismometer and re-injected with Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Measured the volume of the foot 24 hours after injection, calculated the volume of swelling of the foot. Results : The results showed that ethanol extract of kaffir lime doses of 25; 50; 100 mg/KgBW could increase phagocytosis in mice with the highest stimulation index value shown by the dose of 100 mg/KgBW. In the delayed type hypersensitivity response test, ethanol extract of kaffir lime doses of 17.5; 35; 70 mg/KgBW can increase the delayed type hypersensitivity response with the highest response shown by the dose of 70 mg/KgBW. Conclusion : Ethanol extract of kaffir lime has immunomodulatory effects on phagocytic and delayed type hypersensitivity response