Perbedaan Efektivitas Ekstrak Kulit dan Biji Buah Kelengkeng (Dimocarpus Longan L) terhadap Bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC®33277™ (in Vitro)

Abstract

Introduction Porphyromonas gingivalis is an obligate anaerobic gram- negative bacterium that is non-motile, acarolytic and proteolytic, the main cause of periodontitis. Extracts of longan fruit peel and seeds (Dimocarpus Longan L) have phenolic antibacterial substances, tannins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids that can damage and disrupt cell membrane permeability, denature proteins so as to inhibit the use of oxygen causing cell death. Purpose of the study was to determine the inhibition zone, minimum inhibitory level (KHM), minimum kill level (KBM) and analyze the difference in the inhibition zone, KHM and KBM of longan peel and seed extracts at concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 75% against Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277®™ . The research method was experimental laboratory post test only control group design. Inhibition zone testing using blank disk diffusion method using a digital caliper, while KHM and KBM dilution method. Preparation of extracts by maceration method from each concentration added to bacterial suspension, 3 times repetition. Results of the inhibition zone of longan peel extract at concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 75% is 15±1 mm, 19±1 mm, 21±0 mm, and 23±0.577 mm while the inhibition zone of longan seed extract concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 75% is 14±0 mm, 17±0 mm, 20±0 mm, and 23±0.577 mm. The results of the inhibition zone comparison between peel extracts and longan seeds at concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75% is p=0.121, p=0.037, p=0.025, p=0.197. The KHM value of longan fruit peel and seed extracts against Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277®™ bacteria at a concentration of 12.5%. The KBM value of longan fruit peel and seed extract against Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277®™ bacteria at a concentration of 25%. The results of the comparison of the number of colonies between peel extracts with longan seeds at concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75% are p=0,050, p=1,000, p=1,000, p=1,000. The conclusion is that the higher the concentration of longan fruit peel and seeds, the more effective it is in inhibiting the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277®™ bacteria.